INTRODUCTION:

Scale build up, especially in flowline, caused operator significant revenue loss in shut down, maintenance and repair cost, start up cost and production loss. Scale build up can cause catastrophic failure in flowline if not treated carefully. Paraffin and asphaltene build up also reduces flowline efficiency and well productivity due to flow restrictions which yield unnecessary back pressure to the system.

Scale removal from flowline requires mechanical treatment such as pigging, and current industrial practice to prevent scale build up is to inject acid into the system. Acid dissolves scale material and carry them through flow path. However, spent acid must be treated before can properly dispose which require additional cost for the operator. Scale prevention by using acid is only effective to some degree since it is carried by fluid flow with minimum exposure time inside the flow line hence constant flow of acid must be introduced into the system for continuous prevention. Pipeline corrosion is one side effect of acid injection into the system, which caused additional chemical to reduce acid effect to pipeline.

ENMAX CPRS prevents scale build up in the system without any mechanical and chemical treatment. ENMAX comprises of nine dissimilar metal such as copper, zinc, nickel and other alloys which forms special catalyst when place in contact with fluids. ENMAX CPRS is

• The metals act as special catalyst to enable a change in the electrostatic potential of the fluids, inhibiting the binding forces between particles in the fluids.
• The metals are non-sacrificing during the treating process.
• During well production, crude oil together with paraffin, asphaltenes and resins will pass through CPRS disc holes by pressure, causing streams or jet of flow to bombards at the disc surfaces.
• The mechanic shearing action will break some of the large particles and keep the paraffin, asphaltenes, resin to maintain the original micelle stable condition.
• The whole treating process not only prevents the paraffin and asphaltenes build up, but also breaks up the long chain of hydrocarbon molecules, making the oil slicker.
• It reduce pour point significantly for cold climate production
• Reduced viscosity for heavy oil and increased oil mobility
• Improved well pressure without using heat, steam, viscosity reducer or chemicals

Several different type of ENMAX CPRS designs to meet installation requirements. Pressure rating can be from 350 psig up to 5000 psig, with diameter range from 2” to 26” or more (upon requests). It also designed and built as per APC and NACE standards.

SPECIFICATION:

ENMAX CPRS equipment is available in the form of down hole and surface installation.

A. Typical equipment for down hole installation can be seen below:

B. Typical Surface Installation Can Be Seen Below:

CASE STUDY:

Field Case

    1. Case 1, Water Scale

        This well suffered from Barium Sulfate scale for years. Despite regular use of all traditional

        methods such as acid flush and chemical injection, blockage happened at least  once every

        30 days due to scale build up. ENMAX was installed in this well as pilot test on  April 2014,

        resulting in continuous pressure dropping and smooth running over the next 5 months

        before it was opened for inspection on Sept. 2014. No scale was found and ENMAX

        continuously prevent and blockage.

     2. Case 2, Asphaltene/Heavy Crude

         The well has been suffering from Heavy Crude and its wellhead shut down by SRV every

         3 days due to blockage in the pipeline.   ENMAX was installed in June 2015.

         The well has been running smoothly without any stops ever since.

     3. Case 3, Waxy Crude

         Several wells in Sudan produced waxy crude. This caused flowline blockage that reduce

         well’s productivity due to unnecessary backpressure to the wells. Three (3) ENMAX units

         were installed on the system between May – Aug 2015, all with excellent result. 

     4. Case 4, Industrial Heat Exchanger

         Several heat exchangers suffered from severe scaling problem. Repeated chemical and

         acid washes showed no effect to prevent corrosion to pipeline and subsequent damages

         to pumps and other equipment. Two (2) ENMAX units were installed and an inspection

         performed 60 days after the installation shown complete removal of pre-existing scale.